ABOUT SSA INDUSTRY EXPERTISE CONSULTATION & COACHING TRAINING FEEDBACK ARTICLES CAREERS FAQ CONTACT US HOME
Home > FAQ



FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

  Lean Six Sigma And Six Sigma Consultation
  Lean Six Sigma And Six Sigma Certification Trainings
  ISO 9000 Quality Management System
  ISO/TS16949:2002
  CMM






















Lean Six Sigma And Six Sigma Consultation

  What is Lean Six Sigma? How is Lean Six Sigma different from Six Sigma?
 

Traditionally, Six Sigma focuses only on defect reduction from a process which yields only a marginal financial benefits, where as Lean Six Sigma combines the resource productivity improvement techniques with Six Sigma to yield large financial benefits. Lean Six Sigma is the next level advancement over "Classical Six Sigma", to achieve greater bottom-line results. It is more effective than Six Sigma which focuses only on defect elimination through process improvements. Lean Six Sigma is ideal for all service industries and non manufacturing / processes of manufacturing industries. Lean Six Sigma movement brings about tremendous change in the working culture of the organization.

Lean Six Sigma Trainings shows how Lean and Six Sigma methods complement and reinforce each other. Lean Six Sigma outlines a program for combining the synergies of both the initiatives (the Lean Concepts as well as traditionalSix Sigma) to provide an organization with greater speed, less process variation, and more bottom-line impact than ever before.

Lean Six Sigma combines the best of both Six Sigma & Lean Systems
Differentiators
Six Sigma
Lean Systems
Approach Removes variation [defects] in process to improve Quality Removes wastes (NVAs) in process to improves speed or velocity
Method DMAIC, DMEDI, DMADV The methodology is more structured Kaizen, Kaikakku (Rapid Kaizen) The methodology is flexible
Focus Process Quality Process Flow
Primary Benefit Uniform Process Quality Reduced Flow time
Secondary Benefits - Less Variation
- Uniform Output
- Improved Quality
- Reduced Inventory
- Reduced Lead Time
- Reduced Waste


  Is Lean Six Sigma and Six Sigma applicable for service industries?
 

Yes! In fact it is more applicable for service industries. Any output whether tangible or intangible could be measured. In fact 90 % of the projects in GE are related to service outputs. Also, 70 % of SSA Clients are from the Service Industries.


  Can I apply Lean/ Six Sigma for a service outputs such as Airline, Courier, Education etc.?
 

Wherever defect identification and opportunity for defect is possible Lean Six Sigma / Six Sigma can be applied with great ease. In fact it is extremely simple to apply for occasions like baggage claim, parcel delivery, ticket booking etc.


  We are not ISO 9000 certified; can we adopt Six Sigma movement?
 

Yes! There is no connection between ISO 9000 and Six Sigma movement. There is no sequence for implementing both. ISO 9000 certification is not a pre-requisite for Six Sigma.


  Is there a certification process for Lean Six Sigma/ Six Sigma for Organizations.?
 

No. It is not a contractual standard like ISO 9000 for which certification is possible.


  Will I get any cost advantage by adopting Lean Six Sigma/ Six Sigma?
 

Six Sigma projects contribute to quality improvement and customer satisfaction. Obviously this will improve bottom line and top line of the business.


  What way is Six Sigma approach different from SPC?
 

SPC covers machine capability / process capability studies to establish the Cp, Cpk and helps to improve the value by continuous improvement. The assignable causes are identified and removed one after another. The control charts are introduced to control the process thereafter. Whereas Six Sigma is a universal metric which can be applied to any situation with great simplicity without any difficult training and application of mathematics.


  What is the difference between TQM and Six Sigma?
 

TQM is a movement whereby a company can bring in quality in everything it does, thereby improve resource productivity by elimination of waste. Six Sigma is a measurement tool which can help in measurement of all departmental outputs and drive continuous improvements through problem solving.


























Lean Six Sigma And Six Sigma Certification Trainings

  What are the levels for Certification in Lean Six Sigma/ Six Sigma?
  There are 5 levels of certification.
1.

White Belt

Preliminary Levels
2. Yellow Belt
3. Green belt Specialized Levels
4. Black Belt
5. Master Black Belt

  To do a Black belt course do I have to complete Green Belt level?
 

For maximum effectiveness, it is good if a candidate has completed Green Belt, though this is not mandatory. If the participant has had 4-5 years of minimum industry experience, and a few years in 'Quality' (s)he can take the Black Belt Programme directly. The programme is designed such that it takes the candidate from the very basics of 'Six Sigma' or 'Lean Six Sigma' to the specific, relevant higher concepts.


  Can a person- not in the management team- also be a part of the program?
 

It is advisable that people in middle mgmt should be nominated for the programme, so as to meet the big picture of the organization.


  What is the feasibility of this course and in which kind of industries?
 

Lean Six Sigma is widely applied for process improvement and defect reduction and as a strategy improvement tool in many BPO's and service industries SSA has consulted companies such as ABN AMRO; for institutionalizing Lean Six Sigma. We have also consulted HDFC, Taj Hotels and many others who are practicing lean six sigma in a big way. The application of Lean Six Sigma for BPO & other Service industries are different as compared to the Manufacturing industries. SSA has successfully implemented Six Sigma concepts in various Manufacturing industries as well, like different divisions of L & T, Lipidata Systems, Godrej Saralee and many others. SSA uses iGrafx software for process simulation techniques for process improvements in service industries.


 

Is Six Sigma Alchemy (P) Ltd formally certified to give these courses? / Has Six Sigma Alchemy (P) Ltd an association with any Accreditation Body ( as with ISO Certifications) that is qualified to certify Lean/ Six Sigma Green Belts & Black Belts?/ Is the Certification from Six Sigma Alchemy (P) Ltd Internationally recognized?

 

The concepts like Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma is completely unlike the other Certifications as ISO, CMM-I etc. Unlike the mentioned Certifications that require an Accreditation body to certify the Companies, Six Sigma & Lean Six Sigma requires no specific Accreditation Body. In fact, it is a myth to associate these concepts with any Accreditation Body! There is no such 'Body' in the world for certification of Six Sigma Green/Black Belts. There are only individual organizations like SSA that qualify professionals as Six Sigma/ Lean Six Sigma Certified. Hence it is very important to assess the track record of the Organizations while selecting them for a course.

The following points make SSA Certifications in Lean Six Sigma at par with the best World wide:

Till date SSA has trained more than 500 Six Sigma Black belts in the industry and has consulted in more than 250 Companies in initiatives pertaining to 'Quality', Process Improvement and Six Sigma.

SSA has a Global tie up with a leading player in Lean / Six Sigma: Rath & Strong, US., and also with Neutek Inc, US for Design Of Experiments using Taguchi Method. These alliances make the SSA capabilities at par with the best globally.
SSA's curriculam is aligned to the popular ASQ curriculam. SSA certified Black Belts have taken the ASQ Examination and cleared in first attempt.

  What kind of a project do I have to do for all Certification levels?
 

Only Green belt & Black belt trainings require a project to be undertaken. For Green Belt participants will be working on a Project Case developed by SSA. This Project Case was earlier a live project handled by SSA Consultation Team, and has been converted to a Case to facilitate the participants to apply the theory to practical. It is mandatory for Black Belt participants to work on a live project.


  What are the criteria for the Lean / Six Sigma Certification courses?
 

Following are the mandatory criteria:

Attendance through all the days of the Training

Assessment test carried out at the end of each phase
Final examination
Hands on Application of Case (for Green Belt) & Project (for Black Belt).



 














ISO 9000 Quality Management System

  Who Compiled the ISO Standard?
  Technical Committee TC176 represented by 70 country experts compiled the ISO 9000 standard

  What is one single motive of adopting ISO 9000 standard?
  To achieve customer satisfaction consistently through validated and standardized business processes.

  Is the ISO standard written Industry wise?
  No. The standard calls for generic quality system elements and professional management practices to be adopted when contractually agreed with the certification agency.

  What is the validity of certification?
  3 years is the validity of the certification. Every Six months there is a Surveillance audit carried out by the certification agency. Re certification audit will be done after 3 years.

  Which ISO Standard is applicable for our industry?
  ISO 9001: 2000 is the only contractual standard against which all industry QMS assessments are made.

  What are the other international standards one needs to be familiar with?
  ISO 9004-2000 for Total Quality Management practices.

  How it is adapted for various industries?
  - First, the scope and purpose of the business operation to be certified is identified.
- The permissible exclusions are decided for Product Realization clause.
- The relevance of each ISO 9000 clause’s requirements are tailored to the business processes.
- The Quality Management System is built around the business processes.
- The QMS manuals are prepared to define the system adapted with SOP’s.

  What is verified by the certification agency before certification?
  - The scope of the business to satisfy its customer – clarity in deliverables contractually agreed with the customer.
- The coverage of the business processes under the QMS which will affect customer satisfaction.
- The extent to which ISO 9000 standard’s elements are addressed in the Quality manual.
- The compliance of the Quality system elements in actual practice.

  What are the benefits of ISO 9001:2000 standard?
  - System in par with international standard.
- Consistency in Product/Service Quality.
- Customer concerned culture in the company.
- Waste elimination & hence cost control.
- Continuous Improvement in product & service.
- Market Leadership through Quality.
- Perpetuity of the Organization due to customer confidence.





















ISO/TS16949:2002

  What is ISO/TS16949:2002?
  ISO/TS16949:2002 is an ISO Technical Specification which aligns existing US, German, French and Italian automotive quality system standards within the global automotive industry. ISO/TS16949:2002 specifies the quality system requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2000 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations.

  Who are the authors of ISO/TS16949:2002?
  ISO/TS16949 was prepared by the International Automotive Task Force (IATF) and Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association Inc. (JAMA). The IATF consists of an international group of vehicle manufacturers, BMW Group, Daimler Chrysler, Fiat Auto, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Corporation, PSA Peugeot-Citroen, Renault SA and Volkswagen, Plus National Trade Associations, AIAG (America), VDA (Germany), SMMT (UK), ANFIA (Italy) and FIEV (France).

  What is the scope of the ISO/TS16949:2002 standard?
  -ISO/TS16949:2002 in conjunction with ISO 9001:2000, defines the quality management system requirements for the design and development, production and, when relevant, installation and service of automotive - related products.
-It is applicable to sites of the organization where customer - specified parts, for production and / or service, are manufactured.

-Supporting functions, whether on-site or remote (such as design centres, corporate headquarters and distribution centres), form part of the site audit as they support the site, but cannot obtain stand-alone certification to ISO/TS16949:2002 standard.

-ISO/TS16949:2002 can be applied throughout the automotive supply chain.

  Will ISO/TS16949 be accepted in addition to current automotive standards such as QS-9000 and VDA 6.1?
  Yes. Along with customer specific requirements, ISO/TS16949 has been accepted as equivalent to the following automotive quality standards:
- QS-9000 (America)
- VDA 6.1 (Germany)
- AVSQ (Italy)
- EAQF (France)

  Will current automotive quality standards be replaced by ISO/TS16949?
  QS-9000 standard validity expires on 14th December 2006 and ISO/TS16949:1999 standard validity expires on 15th December 2003. The second edition of ISO/TS 16949 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 16949:1999), which has been technically revised.

  Are any Changes required to QS-9000 Certificates?
  Certificates for QS-9000 will require amendment to be valid past 15th December 2003. IASG Sanctioned Interpretation issued on this subject will be effective from July 1st 2002. All new certificates from 1st July 2002 will be issued containing new wording. All existing certificates will be reissued before 15th December 2003 to include the new wording.

New certificates for QS-9000 can continue to be issued throughout the extended period, but must be transferred over to ISO/TS16949 by 14th December 2006. Again QS-9000 will cease to exist on 15th December 2006


 


















CMM

  What is CMM?
  CMM stands for Capability Maturity Model. It is a frame work that describes the key elements of an effective Software Development and Maintenance Process.

  Why is CMM to be adopted?
  Software development being a complex process, there is a possibility for customer dis-satisfaction. There is a need for improved software process capability that will guide organizations throughout the software development lifecycle resulting in high quality software product.

  Who developed CMM?
  Department of Defense (DoD) of U.S , wanted to evaluate more effectively an organization's capability to perform successfully on software engineering contracts. Prime contractors wanted to evaluate the capability of potential subcontractors.

To help organizations and customers like the DoD and prime contractors, Software Engineering Institute(SEI) with the Assistance of MITRE Corporation has developed CMM for software industries and Version 1.0 was released in August 1991

  What are the applications of CMM?
  The CMM can be used in:
- Software Process Improvement
- Software Process Assessment
- Software Capability Evaluation

  What are the Definition of the CMM Maturity Levels?
 

Level 1 - Initial level
At the Initial Level, the organization typically does not provide a stable environment for developing and maintaining software.

Level 2 - The Repeatable Level
At the Repeatable Level, policies for managing a software project and procedures to implement those policies are established.

Level 3 - The Defined Level
At the Defined Level, the standard process for developing and maintaining software across the organization is documented, including both software engineering and management processes.

Level 4 - The Managed Level
At the Managed Level, the organization sets quantitative quality goals for both software products and processes.

Level 5 - The Optimizing Level
At the Optimizing Level, the entire organization is focused on continuous process improvement. The organization has the means to identify weaknesses and strengthen the process proactively, with the goal of preventing the occurrence of defects










Certification course on Lean Primer -Jan 2010
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt -Jan 2010
Lean Six Sigma Black Belt -Jan 2010
Download SSA Presentation
Click Here.
Subscribe with us to receive monthly updates on consultation programmes and events.